Legal provisions for direct democracy at the local level

TheConstitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

(Adoptedin August 1995)

http://www.apapeth.org/Docs/constitution%20-english.pdf

Article 39 Rights ofNations, Nationalities, and Peoples (Mandatory referendum)

1. Every Nation, Nationality and People in Ethiopiahas an unconditional right to self-determination, including the right tosecession.

4. The right to self-determination, includingsecession, of every Nation, Nationality and People shall come into effect:

   (a) When ademand for secession has been approved by a two-thirds majority of the membersof the Legislative Council of the Nation, Nationality or People concerned;

   (b) When theFederal Government has organized a referendum which must take place withinthree years from the time it received the concerned council’s decision forsecession;

   (c) When thedemand for secession is supported by majority vote in the referendum;

   (d) When theFederal Government will have transferred its powers to the council of theNation, Nationality or People who has voted to secede; and

   (e) When thedivision of assets is effected in a manner prescribed by law.

Article 47 Member States ofthe Federal Democratic Republic (Mandatory referendum)

2. Nations, Nationalities andPeoples within the States enumerated in sub-Article 1 of this article have theright to establish, at any time, their own States.

3. The right of any Nation,Nationality or People to form its own state is exercisable under the followingprocedures:

   a) When the demand for statehood has beenapproved by a two-thirds majority of the members of the Council of the Nation,Nationality or People concerned, and the demand is presented in writing to theState Council;

   b) When the Council that received the demandhas organized a referendum within one year to be held in the Nation,Nationality or People that made the demand;

   c) When the demand for statehood issupported by a majority vote in the referendum;

   d) When the State Council will havetransferred its powers to the Nation, Nationality or People that made thedemand; and

   e) When the new State created by thereferendum without any need for application, directly becomes a member of theFederal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia.

Determinationof the Procedure for Expression by the Electorate of the Loss of Mandate ofDeputies, National Electoral Board Regulations No. 2/1999

(Enactedin 1999)

http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/research/National%20Electoral%20Board%20of%20Ethiopia%20Regulations%20no.2-1999.pdf

Article 4Presentation of Request For Recall

1) Initially, one hundred (100) electors may presenttheir request for recall to the Head of the Electoral Office of the Woredawherein they reside.

2)Those qualified to make a request for the recall of members of Councils,established at any level, shall only be electors residing within the respectiveconstituency that the Deputy represents.

Mandatoryreferendum theoretically possible at the lowest level of administration, see articleno. 47 of the Constitution