Legal basis for direct democracy at the national level

Japan

Answer

Constitutional
Specific laws/legislation

Source

Articles 79 and 96of the Constitution provide for mandatory referenda.

Article 9 of the Act Concerning Citizens? Review of SupremeCourt Justices, first promulgated in 1947 and last amended in 2011,provides administrative requirements for referenda held under Article 79.

Article8 of the Act Concerning Procedures toRevise the Constitution, promulgated in 2007, provides administrativerequirements for referenda held under Article 96.

Articles 68.2-68.6, 102.6-102.12 of the Law on Parliament provide administrativerequirements for referenda on constitutional amendments.

Constitution ofJapan

(Cameinto effect May 3, 1947; not amended since)

http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/constitution_and_government_of_japan/constitution_e.html

Act ConcerningCitizens? Review of Supreme Court Justices

(Promulgated1947; last amended 2011)

http://law.e-gov.go.jp/htmldata/S22/S22HO136.html

Act Concerning Proceduresto Revise the Constitution

(Promulgated2007; last amended 2007)

http://law.e-gov.go.jp/htmldata/H19/H19HO051.html

Law on Parliament

(Promulgated1947; last amended 2012)