Legal sanctions for non-compliance
France
Non-compliance with 50% parity rule (only 2% difference allowed between the number of female and male candidates) will result in a financial penalty calculated in the following way: the public funding provided to parties based on the number of votes they receive in the first round of elections will be decreased ‘by a percentage equivalent to three quarters of the difference between the total number of candidates of each sex, out of the total number of candidates’. (Article 9-1). For example, if only 40% of female candidates are presented, the difference between the number of female and male candidates presented is 20 points. Accordingly, the fine will amount to a 15% cut. (Law No. 88-227, Article 9 (1)).